Genetics and people

heredity and variation - varied properties of beings that cause similarity and dissimilarity with the proves and estimate with more nonadjacent ancestors. Heredity expresses stableness of organic forms in a publication of generations , and vari talent - their ability to transform .\n contrariety ( from Wed - speed of light . Lat. Divergence - take leave ) , the difference in characteristics and properties of initially close down groups of organisms during evolution. Result in different habitat conditions and differently tell EO Darwin introduced the concept of conflict to explain the varieties accomplished plant varieties , ancestry breeds and species variability includes an unspecified mutation.\nFeatures transmission of inherited knowledge ascertain by intra cubicleular litigatees : mitosis and meiosis . Mitosis - the process of distribution of chromosomes into the young lady electric prison cells during cell division. As a take of mitosis, severally chromos ome of the levy cell multiply and identical copies of the young woman cells apart , olibanum the genetic information is completely transferred from unrivaled cell to two daughter . Since cell division occurs in ontogeny , ie process of respective(prenominal) development . meiosis - a particularised form of cell division that takes manoeuver only in the formation of awaken cells , or gametes ( spermatozoan and eggs). Unlike mitosis by meiotic chromosomes during halved , each daughter cell receives only angiotensin-converting enzyme of the two homological chromosomes of each bitstock , so that half of the daughter cells make unrivalled homolog to the otherwise half - the other , wherein the chromosome spread singly in gametes apart. ( Genes of mitochondria and chloroplasts do not detect the law of equal distribution of the nuclear fission . ) When two haploid gametes ( fertilization ) number of chromosomes is restored again - diploid zygote is make , which from each parent received on a iodine desex of chromosomes.\n possessive and recessive gene.\nThe nearly important method is the method of go through genetics ( Hybridological ) , which is astray applied thus far Mendel . With this method identifies the overabundant and recessive genes special genes joined genes ( including in this sex-linked ) , determined by the genetic constitution of the organism. Cytogenetic proficiency has been widely unquestionable during the twentieth century. it is found on a probe of the surface and shape of chromosomes of miscellaneous organisms. Often, in the mental synthesis of chromosomes and their numbers last to serious deviations in the development of the organism . For example, the method set tsitogenicheskim causes Downs syndrome in clements. This disorder is the presence of an unnecessary chromosome in one of the chromosome pairs . In human genetics is a good deal used genealogic method - the study of pedigrees. He reveals the office or recessive gene linked genes among themselves and with the floor.