American History :: History of America

The Space Race The goal of Apollo 11 was to send men to the moon, this goal was set by jfk in the year 1961. they landed on the July 20th 1969. The men who were aboard the ship were Neil Armstrong, Edwin Aldrin and Michael Collins. These men were (other than Collins) the first people to of all time to walk on the moon. The event was televised to millions of American homes. There were also three backup crew members who didnt go into space James Lovell, Fred Haise, and William Anders. The crew conducted human beingsy science experiments as well as leaving an american flag on the moon. The flag has since been bleached white by the suns unrelenting power. The first man on the moon is so important to the history of America because it solidified the country as a superpower. If Russia had beaten America to the moon, they would been the country to reach that aggrandisement of space science. It also would have crushed the hopes and dreams of Americans young and old alike. With the U S and Russia locked in the cold war, the American people needed a confidence boost, and they got it when they won the space race. 1st Black PresidentIn election of 2008, the candidates rails were Barack Obama and John McCain. Obama won, making him the first African American President in American history. Throughout history African Americans were treated as lesser to whites and Obama overcame those stereotypes and became president. There was some speculation that Obama wasnt actually from America, but these were put to rest when he released his birth certificate. Some issues during the election were the war in Iraq, economic downturn, and LGBT issues.American history is full of examples of minorities such as blacks being kept down. Slavery was a huge black mark on the nations history. It is one of the main factors for racism toward African Americans in our culture. Blacks were often seen and treated as lesser people, and having a president who is part of this minority is huge step forward in racial equality. since Obama was elected there have been more black candidates running for office. Nuclear bombsThe conception of the nuclear bomb began when Albert Einstein wrote FDR a letter concerning the weapons and how powerful they had the potential to be. On July 1945 The first bomb was tested, and the scientists were pleased with the result of the test.

History of Fashion Essay -- Fashion Style clothing Historical Essays

History of Fashion Fashion is defined as a style of dress that is frequent during a certain time or era (?Fashion?, 1). It often transmits and reflects a persons? social class in old days. In modern generation it reflects personality. Fads come and go as people find new and different things to like. Until the 20th century look changed very slowly. In the 20th century fashions change as quickly as lightning because of mass production and fast moving society. About every 10 years a totally new potpourri of dress is in style. Fashion is affected in many ways. Inventions and good economy bring many changes with it. Wars and bad economy bring plain fashion that stays for a while (?Fashion Through the Ages?, 1). Fashion often seems to go in a big loop repeating itself everyplace and over again. Women?s fashion has changed and gone from fancy to simple and easy to wear. Here is a quick view of fashion from BC times to the approachingIn ancient times clothing was simple, based more on function than style. Men and women wore a big rectangular piece of wool six feet massive and about a foot and a half taller than the person. The wool was wrapped around the person and pinned on the shoulder with a broach. Fabric was mainly tweed or off-white, but never bright colored. In fact red was forbidden for commoners. Hair was mainly worn in braids or covered by fabric draped like a hood.With the spread of Christianity, clothing in medieval times became modest. Although the basic tunic style dress was still used, it became all-night and sleeves were added. Heavier fabric was used and shoes replaced sandals. Increase in trade made for more extravagant fabrics and embellishments on clothing. Hair was worn down often with a jewel in it. The really wealthy and nobility experimented with extreme styles from vibrant color to hooked shoes to cone shaped hats in order to eliminate themselves from the middle class.Many changes came with the Renaissance period, with the rise of ar t fashion changed. Dresses became shorter and princess cut. Puffed sleeves, high collars and hoop skirts were the thing to wear. Slashing, or wearing two layers and cutting the outside layer was fashionable.Modesty came back with Elizabethan times. Queen Elizabeth had clothes covered every part of a persons body sleeves became tight instead of puffed and waistline lines were straight. Gowns were worn by ... ...Sleek simple or choppy hair styles were seen as cute. Jeans were narrow and black in the beginning and became flared or relaxed with everything from glitter to studs to dress it up at the end of the 90?s. Any kind of shirt could be paired with jeans, from revealing belly shirts to classy blouses to comfortable t-shirts. Animal prints and camouflage were retributory a couple of prints that made their home in the 90?s (?Fashion Era?, 41). No matter what you were wearing in the 90?s it was sure to be a designer brand. Fashion has and always will repeat in a cycle. It seems to be cycling from elaborate to minimal as our lives become more complex due to technology. I think fashion will continue to be unpredictable. Many times movies and television have predicted how the future population would dress with no success. One thing is for sure, fashion will continue to be unique to the individual who wears it and express for them what they may not allege with words.Works Cited?Fashion.? Encyclop?dia Britanica. 2002 ed.?Fashion Era.? Fashion History and Costume Era. Fashion-era. 23 Nov. 2003?Fashion Through the Ages.? The Evolution of Fashion. Bharat Textile. 19 Nov. 2003

Data Normalization :: Essays Papers

Data NormalizationData normalization is an important step in any entropybase development process. Through this tedious process a developer so-and-so eliminate duplication and develop standards by which all data can be measured. This paper addresses the history and function of data normalization as it applies to the bod at hand.In 1970, Dr. E.F. Codds seminal paper A Relational Model for Large Shared Databanks was published in Communications of the ACM. This paper introduced the topic of data normalization, so-named because, at the time, President Nixon was normalizing congenerics with China.Data normalization is a technique used during logical data modeling to ensure that there is only sensation way to know a fact, by removing all structures that provide more than one way to know the same fact as represented in a database relation (table). The goal of normalization is to control and eliminate redundancy, and mitigate the effects of modification anomalies -- which are generally insertion and deletion anomalies. (Insertion anomalies occur when the shop of information about one attribute requires additional information about a help attribute. Deletion anomalies occur when the deletion of one fact results in the loss of a second fact).NormalizationThere are six generally recognized normal forms of a relation initiatory normal form, second normal form, third normal form, Boyce/Codd normal form, fourth normal form, and fifth normal form, also called projection/join normal form. Other normal forms (e.g., populace/Key) exist but will not be discussed here. The normal forms are hierarchical, i.e., each normal form builds upon its predecessor. Although many people consider a relation to be normalized only when it is in third normal form, technically speaking, a relation in only first normal form can be considered normalized. The Normal FormsFirst normal form (1NF) - All attributes must be atomic. That is, there can exist no repeating groups in an attribute. Fo r example, in a relation that describes a student, the students classes should not be stored in one field, separated by commas. Rather, the classes should be moved to their own relation, which should include a link pole to the student relation (called a foreign key).Second normal form (2NF) - A relation is in second normal form if it is in first normal form and each attribute is in full functionally dependent on the entire primary key. That is, no subset of the key can determine an attributes value. ternion normal form (3NF) - A relation is in third normal form if it is in second normal form and each non-key attribute is fully functionally dependent on the entire primary key, and not on any other non-key attribute.

Human Nature :: essays research papers

Human natureGradeBLanguageEnglishSystemCountryTaiwanOur life is full of problems. Reasoning is a prevalent modal value to response to problems which weconcern about. We reason in response to everyday problems. For instance, asked byfriends to go out dinner at a time when we see planned something else, we must decidewhich one is more important for us at that moment of time, and whether to decline or toadjust our schedule. Reasoning appropriate to problems kindred this has often been calledpractical. Practical reasons might be said to be reasons for acting, and it is in some sensepoint toward action. Practical reasoning has been much discussed by philosophers, and itis catalogued under Moral Philosophy. For Aristotles moral philosophy, as it appears in hisdocument now called the Nicomachean ethics, reflects his teleological (goal-oriented)metaphyics. In the Nicomachean ethics, where Aristotle considers a science of doing, andacting in certain way to seek rational ends. The notion o f Goal, or Purpose, is the principalone in his moral theory. Aristotle noted that every act is performed for some project, which he defined as the"good" of that act, the end at which the performance aims. We perform an act because we findits purpose to be worthwhile. Either the totality of our acts is an infinitely circular series each morning we push back up in order to eat breakfast, we eat breakfast in order to go towork, we got to work in order to get money, we get money so we can buy food in order tobe able to eat breakfast, etc., etc., etc., in which case life would be a pretty meaninglessendeavor because this is just bunch of repeated and vain activities practicing if without apurpose. Or there is some ultimate good toward which the purpose of all acts aredirected. If there is such a good, we should try to come to know it so that we can adjustall our acts toward it in order to stave off that saddest of all tragedies the wasted and vainlife According to Aristotle, there is general verbal agreement that the end toward which allhuman acts are directed is felicitousness therefore, happiness is the human good since weseek happiness for its own sake, not for the sake of something else. In a sense, realizingthe end of attaining happiness is an activity of making, and its the activity aims to make acertain kind of man, living in a certain kind of society. Happiness might be explained as the

Ernest Hemingways The Sun Also Rises :: Hemingway Sun Also Rises Essays

THE SUN ALSO RISES     The book THE SUN ALSO RISES By ERNEST HEMINGWAY contains 251 pages filled with sadness, devastation and lost love. The plot is based on tangible people the Hemingway knew and that angered a lot of his friends, if any. Robert Cohn, the main character, is feeling inferior because he is Jewish and starts a boxing career to feel better close to himself. He married the first girl he meets out of college. Then, he meets a new woman in CA and then takes her to Europe with him while he is working on his novel. He returns to the U.S. to get it published. His friend, Jake Barnes, who lives in Paris, is asked by Cohn to travel to South America with him to watch bull fights and meet women to fall in love with. Jake, not interested, stays close to home. Listen Robert, going to another country doesnt make any difference. Ive tried all that. You cant get away from yourself by moving from one place to another. Theres nothing to that.(11). However, by staying home, Jake finds trouble.   Jake goes to a cafe and meets Georgette, a beautiful woman with an awful smile whom Jake finds boring. Jake takes Georgette to BAL, a dance floor show and while there, he meets Lady Brett Ashley, the love of his life and she is also an alcoholic nymphomaniac. Cohn shows up and also gets infatuated with Brett. However, Brett leave with Jake and Cohn is now extremely jealous, while Georgette is left over(p) alone but afterward leaves with someone. Jake and Brett ride around Paris talking about how they want to be together but can not. Jake goes home later that night, thinks about Brett and ends up crying himself to sleep. This was Brett that I had felt like crying about. Then I thought of her walking up the street and stepping into the car, as I had last seen her, and of course in a little while I felt like hell again. (34). He wakes up at 4 am to the sound of a drunken Brett arguing with the landlord of Jakes building. She gets up to his apartment but soon leaves and instead, asks Jake to meet her the next day.

The Works of Phillis Wheatley Essay -- Biography Biographies Essays

The Works of Phillis WheatleyBiographyPhillis Wheatley was born in West Africa around 1753. Some term after her birth, she was brought to the States and purchased by John Wheatley in 1761. He turned Phillis over to his wife, Susanna, to work as a personal maid. After realizing Phillis intellect, the Wheatley family encouraged Phillis to study the Bible and read slope and Latin literature, history and geography.Wheatleys first poem was published in a Rhode Island newspaper in 1767. Poems on Various Subjects consisted of thirty-eight poems written by Wheatley, and it could be found in London in 1773. Wheatley died on December 5, 1784.*Discussion of Wheatleys WorkThe poetry of Phillis Wheatley should be considered very controversial and powerful. The sate of Wheatleys poetry contains the muscle needed to strike controversy and power, but it also must be understood within the context of history. Wheatley was a inkiness slave writing very methodic poetry in America during a time when Af rican-Americans were considered to be less than animals. Reading and writing was not an option prone to an overwhelming majority of slaves. Wheatley was able to do both with ease, and her white masters encouraged her to do so.The fact that Wheatleys poetry was read in her time is another impressive factor. She was black and a female, yet she received a decent amount of readership. In addition, she was respected for her art. However, the controversy and power existed not exactly within the time period Wheatley lived in, but they also existed within the content of her poetry.On Being Brought from Africa to America praised the salvation that Wheatley received by coming to America and being exposed to Christianity. She also ... ... Wheatley stands as a pioneering figure of African-American poetry (Gates xi). Wheatley has provided tremendous inspiration for African-American literature. Zora Neale Hurston, Lorraine Hansberry and Toni Morrison are among the many writers that Wheatley ha s influenced, and she will retain to influence many more considering her works are still published and read worldwide.Works CitedGates, Henry Louis Jr. Foreword. The Collected Works of Phillis Wheatley. Ed. John C. Shields. untried York Oxford UP, 1988. xi.Gates, Henry Louis Jr., and Nellie Y. McKay, eds. The Norton Anthology of African American Literature. New York W.W. Norton, 1997. 164-167.Wheatley, Phillis. On Being Brought from Africa to America, Atheism and An Address to the Deist. The Collected Works of Phillis Wheatley. Ed. John C. Shields. New York Oxford UP, 1988. 18, 130, 131.

The Works of Phillis Wheatley Essay -- Biography Biographies Essays

The Works of Phillis WheatleyBiographyPhillis Wheatley was born in West Africa around 1753. Some duration after her birth, she was brought to the States and purchased by John Wheatley in 1761. He turned Phillis over to his wife, Susanna, to work as a personal maid. After realizing Phillis intellect, the Wheatley family encouraged Phillis to study the Bible and read side and Latin literature, history and geography.Wheatleys first poem was published in a Rhode Island newspaper in 1767. Poems on Various Subjects consisted of thirty-eight poems written by Wheatley, and it could be found in London in 1773. Wheatley died on December 5, 1784.*Discussion of Wheatleys WorkThe poetry of Phillis Wheatley should be considered very controversial and powerful. The case of Wheatleys poetry contains the muscle needed to strike controversy and power, but it also must be understood within the context of history. Wheatley was a grim slave writing very methodic poetry in America during a time when Afr ican-Americans were considered to be less than animals. Reading and writing was not an option addicted to an overwhelming majority of slaves. Wheatley was able to do both with ease, and her white masters encouraged her to do so.The fact that Wheatleys poetry was read in her time is another impressive factor. She was black and a female, yet she received a decent amount of readership. In addition, she was respected for her art. However, the controversy and power existed not besides within the time period Wheatley lived in, but they also existed within the content of her poetry.On Being Brought from Africa to America praised the salvation that Wheatley received by coming to America and being exposed to Christianity. She also ... ... Wheatley stands as a pioneering figure of African-American poetry (Gates xi). Wheatley has provided tremendous inspiration for African-American literature. Zora Neale Hurston, Lorraine Hansberry and Toni Morrison are among the many writers that Wheatley has influenced, and she will expect to influence many more considering her works are still published and read worldwide.Works CitedGates, Henry Louis Jr. Foreword. The Collected Works of Phillis Wheatley. Ed. John C. Shields. refreshed York Oxford UP, 1988. xi.Gates, Henry Louis Jr., and Nellie Y. McKay, eds. The Norton Anthology of African American Literature. New York W.W. Norton, 1997. 164-167.Wheatley, Phillis. On Being Brought from Africa to America, Atheism and An Address to the Deist. The Collected Works of Phillis Wheatley. Ed. John C. Shields. New York Oxford UP, 1988. 18, 130, 131.

Analysis Of Miles Davis’ “Kind Of Blue” Essay

In early 1959, jazz trumpeter Miles Davis laid down the foundation for a satisfying new style of jazz music. Through his Kind of sober modal jazz was born. This record became a classic, at times showing its complexity through the soloing, besides also allowing the educated listener to revel in the simplicity of the modes. Davis planted the seeds for this new style in his album Milestones but Kind of Blue showed that the style had matured and was more developed. From the introductory piano/bass duet to the final notes, it is clear that Davis captured something original.The album was recorded in only two sessions and went on without any prior rehearsal or music written out. Davis only provided general sketches of each song for the musicians, which they read and improvised over. For the task of recording, Davis put together an all-star lineup with some of the greatest jazz musicians in music history. The rhythm section was composed of Paul domiciliate on bass, Jimmy Cobb on drums, and account Evans on piano, except for Freddie Freeloader, which featured Wynton Kelly on piano. To round out the band was the horn section, led by Davis himself, and completed by alto saxophonist cannonball Adderley, and tenor John Coltrane. The individual band members were great musicians in their own respect, but when shepherded by Davis for the Kind of Blue sessions, the music they produced was incredible.If Kind of Blue is a musical journey, then surely the rhythm section is the flight crew, insuring that the passengers have a smooth ride. Throughout the entire album, the beat is kept steady, the comping never clutters or inhibits the soloist, and the chord changes are right on the money. With a tight rhythm section laying a solid foundation, Davis, Adderley, and Coltrane are free to take their solos in any direction they choose.Even from the first song, a mellow blues based tune, So What, we can hear the creativity at work. The interplay between Evans and Chambers in the int ro is so melodious it is hard to believe it was achieved without rehearsal. Then the signature blood line line, delivered by Chambers, then answered by the horn section, kicks in earlier we are led into the first solo section. Davis then takes us into his modal playground and allows us tolisten as he runs free. The solo makes you run the ablaze gamut from sheer joy to melancholy and despair in the space of a minute.The band performs equally well on the second track, Freddie Freeloader and provide a melody line that many musicians use for impromptu jam sessions because of its catchiness and simplicity. It is a pleasant set up for the next tune called Blue in Green. bleu in Green is interesting because it is not in a standard form, but in a ten-bar circular form. This provides a challenge for the soloist to follow the form, but they manage the changes beautifully and effortlessly.The next song is every last(predicate) Blues, which is another 12-bar blues, but is metered in 6/8 an d has an overcast mood assisted by Davis use of a Harmon mute and the pieces minor tonality. To end the record, they recorded Flamenco Sketches, the only song in these sessions to have two takes.All in all, Kind of Blue has worked its way into the hearts of millions of jazz fans with good reason. Davis has never had a tighter band behind him and every player exudes their confidence and familiarity of their instrument with every note they play. The end product is a beautiful blend of evocative solos and innovative progressions that deserve to be heard, studied and loved by anyone who appreciates good jazz.

Attack on elements of society Essay

The Crucible is set in a puritan town in New England, capital of Oregon Massachusetts. The girls are caught saltation by the Reverend Parris the parish minister. This then start of a enrapture-hunt, which gets the town talking. People that are innocent are accused and the term name names or else is being used by the courts. The innocent state of capital of Oregon get accused, and punished. This is an allegory of McCarthyism because this is what happened in the trials in 1950s, nightclub was shattered by a rumour and fingers were pointed at innocent people. Its also an allegory of McCarthyism because it shows the court officials being un fair(a) and below the belt, just how they were in The Crucible.The first way in which the setting of prompt 3 can be interpreted as an attack on the severity of the authorities in Salem and 1950s America is shown through the coif directions Arthur Miller presents us with. Firstly uses the adjectives forbidding, empty and solemn to describe the room on the stage. The effect this has on the listening is curiosity and concern and this builds up a sense of tension within the audience. Also while we see all of this there is hush. In drama, silence is more powerful then haggle of actions. The silence and appearance surrounding the stage would build up a very strong sense of tension within the audience. An opposite reason for silence maybe that Miller wants to convey the presence of or the sign of evil in the court and probably that something is wrong, not right, or something bad is going to happen.The other way Arthur Miller has an impact on the audience is by using symbolism and imagery. In the opening of act 3 Arthur Miller has two higher(prenominal) windows. This makes the room sound very familiar to a prison cell and again a prison cell is where you dont want to be and maybe Millers trying to sat that the courts were like a prison. Also not forgetting the sunlight pouring through. Back in the days traditionally sunlight was meant to be good luck and also it was meant to be the representative of God and truth.This can have a great effect on the audience because it gets them thinking and into the mood, and that the current problems surrounding Salem arent going to get any better but maybe worse. Again this an attack on the elements of society because it shows that the court was a place where people werent treated fairly in the 1950s and that the authorities in America were harsh and wanted people to get into all sorts of problems and trouble and this is what exactly Arthur Miller went through and trying to get across by writing The Crucible.The second way that piece 3 can be interpreted as an attack on the severity of the authorities in Salem is by Millers depiction of the characters in The Crucible. The way they dress and act. In the actual film most of the men are seen wearing black clothes, this may put forward that Salem is a holy religious society and believe very strongly in Christianity. If you take Judge Danforth, he adopts a blinkered attitude and refuses to use prevalent sense and logic in dealing with these cases. His exact loyalty blinds him from the truth and if he believe that the people accused were with God and announced them innocent he would be accusing the girls of lying, and also fact that he is too worried of calling of the witch trials because what would the people of Salem think of him and the fact that is reputation is at stake.This can be interpreted as an attack on elements of society because it shows that even the authorities in this case the Judge arent always fair even if they are people of high authority or religious. This is how Arthur Miller got his point across that the authorities of America in the 1950s were unfair and unjust and wanted to put down as many people as possible, on the whole the authorities were very harsh and severe on punishments.The trey way in which the setting of act 3 can be interpreted as an attack on the severity of the authorities in Salem and 1950s America is by the language Arthur Miller has used in the opening lines in the scene. Judge Hathorne asks Martha Corey if she denies being a witch. Martha Corey claims she knows not what a witch is, to which he replies, how do you know then that you are not a witch. We see Hathornes question after question on Martha Corey gets her paranoid and the nip is huge on her, to come up with the answers quickly but if she takes too long she maybe considered more of a witch and therefore this sets the mood and note for the scene. Its as if Judge Hathorns trying to possibly trick into saying that shes a witch rather then finding discover the exact truth.

Guide for Writing Project Proposals

Guide for Writing Project Proposals This is a summary of how to write good, concise proposals for course juts. The focus of this summary is on programming or execution leap outs, but the general ideas can be applied to most proposals. The recommended lengths of sections are given assuming a document length of 2 to 5 pages. Use appropriate scaling for longer proposal documents. Sample Outline The following is a sample outline for a project proposal.Note that all questions for a section may not apply to your proposal, and should be used as a general guide only. 1. Introduction (1 or 2 paragraphs) 1. Motivation fourth dimension 2. Summarize the problem (1 or 2 sentences) 3. Summarize the solution (1 or 2 sentences) 4. Describe format of rest of proposal (sections, and so on ) 2. Motivation (1 to 3 paragraphs) 1. What is the history of the problem? 2. Why is this problem interesting? 3. When and why does the problem occur? 4. Is the problem already solved? What is done now? 5.Are th ere some(prenominal) similar systems or solutions to the one you propose? If so, reference and very briefly explain them. 6. Are there are possible improvements to current solutions? 3. Project succinct (1 paragraph) 1. What in general will this project achieve? (Do not delve into details or timelines. ) 4. Project Details 1. Architecture and Environment (2-3 paragraphs + figures) 1. Describe the project environment (software, hardware, languages, organizations, etc. ) 2. Diagrams and figures are useful here if appropriate. . What software, hardware, or tools will you use? 2. Implementation Issues and Challenges (2-3 paragraphs) 1. What will be the most difficult issues and challenges in the implementation? 2. How are you using or extending current tools/systems for your problem? 3. What makes your project unique? 3. Deliverables (3-5 paragraphs point-form may be used for some of the description) 1. What will the project produce? (program, report, etc. ) 2. Describe in relative d etail the features of each of the projects products. 3.You may wish to separate deliverables into phases and indicate optional components given time. 4. Emphasize what your project contributes or achieves 4. Timeline (1 paragraph point-form is suitable) 1. Provide an estimated timeline of project deliverables and important dates. 5. Conclusion (1 paragraph) 1. Summarize the project including the problem, motivation, and proposed solution, and re-state important (planned) contributions. 6. References 1. List references used to compile proposal and references that will be used for project (if already known).

The Diary of Lady Murasaki Reflection

The Diary of bird Murasaki, gives the reader a glimpse of the imperial court during eleventh century Japan. be an attendant in the imperial court, Murasaki is frequently involved with the activities of elite. As a woman, dame Murasakis descriptions are oriented around clothing, appearance, and the position of woman in Heian Japan. Lady Murasaki was the most educated woman in the court. She acknowledges learning the Chinese classics from listening to her brothers lessons.She cautiously expressed for discretion in regards to her knowledge, since education was circumscribe for women due to the prejudices against women in the Buddhist convictions. Murasaki kept a personal diary, and spent her days filling it with notes from the daily activities of the court. I was a form of entertainment for Murasaki due to the lack of excitement in the court. The notes were almost making a mockery of the court and their way of life of life. She talked a lot about women and their role during the ti me intent in Japan. There wasnt much going on inside the imperial court.The ladies-in-waiting spent there days engaged in gossip they had no other real responsibilities. The woman of the court wore lavish colorful garments. There were very inexorable rules on what colors the women were all(prenominal)owed to wear. For example, only woman from a plastered rank were allowed to wear yellow-green or red, but it was restricted to only jackets, figured silk and printed trains. Only on special occasions, like the birth of a prince, were all ranks dressed in white. The woman also had very long luxurious hair. This was also a sign of rank in the imperial court.The way Lady Murasaki describes the women of the court, it seems that their true position was to serve as the eye candy. They werent educated, except for a small number of them, and they didnt have any real post in the dynasty. During this time women faced severe isolation with limited education. Women in the Heian period were def ined by restrictions of what was not permitted. Custom influenced by Buddhism, enforced strict physical limitations on women, not to be seen by men and sometimes even other women. It seems like more of a hassle to have women contribute in the court then not.Without women in the court there wouldnt be children. Without children, there wouldnt be any heirs to the throne. Lady Murasaki diary gave triad party view in the life of the imperial court. The priorities of the women were more focused on appearance rather then education because of the Buddhist convictions. Even conceit the women were held at different ranks in the court they all had the main purpose of keeping the dynasty alive via childbirth. Due to the advance in Murasakis education, her writings gave way to the beginning of education for women in Japan.

Flexible Budgets and Performance Analysis

9-1 The preparedness calculate is prep bed for the planned level of bodily function. It is unruffled because it is not adjusted even if the level of activeness subsequently changes.9-2 A conciliatory budget can be adjusted to reflect any level of activityincluding the certain level of activity. By contrast, a static planning budget is prepared for a single level of activity and is not subsequently adjusted. 9-3Actual results can differ from the budget for many reasons. Very broadly speaking, the goings are usually collectable to a change in the level of activity, changes in prices, and changes in how effectively resources are managed.9-4 As noted in 9-3 above, a difference between the budget and tangible results can be due to many factors. Most importantly, the level of activity can have a very spectacular impact on costs. From a managers perspective, a variance that is due to a change in activity is very different from a variance that is due to changes in prices and chang es in how effectively resources are managed. A variance of the first kind requires very different actions from a variance of the uphold kind. Consequently, these two kinds of variances should be clearly separated from each other. When the budget is directly compared to the actual results, these two kinds of variances are lumped together.9-5 An activity variance is the difference between a revenue or cost item in the static planning budget and the same item in the bendable budget. An activity variance is due solely to the difference in the level of activity assumed in the planning budget and the actual level of activity used in the flexible budget. Caution should be exercised in interpreting an activity variance. The favorable and unfavorable labels are perhaps misleading for activity variances that involve costs. A favorable activity variance for a cost occurs because the cost has some variable component and the actual level of activity is less than the planned level of activity. An unfavorable activity variance for a cost occurs because the cost has some variable component and the actual level of activity is greater than the planned level of activity.9-6 A revenue variance is the difference between how much the revenue should have been, given the actual level of activity, and the actual revenue for theperiod. A revenue variance is loose to interpret. A favorable revenue variance occurs because the revenue is greater than evaluate for the actual level of activity. An unfavorable revenue variance occurs because the revenue is less than expected for the actual level of activity.9-7 A spending variance is the difference between how much a cost should have been, given the actual level of activity, and the actual amount of the cost. Like the revenue variance, the interpretation of a spending variance is straight-forward. A favorable spending variance occurs because the cost is lower than expected for the actual level of activity. An unfavorable spending varian ce occurs because the cost is higher than expected for the actual level of activity.9-8 In a flexible budget work report, the static planning budget is not directly compared to actual results. The flexible budget is interposed between the static planning budget and actual results. The differences between the static planning budget and the flexible budget are activity variances. The differences between the flexible budget and the actual results are the revenue and spending variances. The flexible budget performance report cleanly separates the

Basic Computer Memory Types Essay

Random Access Memory ( drill in) RAM is a location within the reckoner organization which is responsible for stacking outdoor(a) information on a temporary basis, so that it can be promptly accessed by the processor. The information stored in RAM is typically loaded from the computers hard disk, and includes data related to the operating system and certain applications. When the system is switched off, RAM loses all the stored information. The data re main(prenominal)s stored and can be kept up(p) only when the system is running. When the RAM gets full, the computer system is more likely to operate at a slow peed.The data can be retrieved in any random order. Generally, there are two types of RAM namely Static RAM (SRAM) and Dynamic RAM (DRAM). When many programs are running on the computer simultaneously, the virtual memory allows the computer to search in RAM for memory portions which havent been utilized lately and copy them onto the hard drive. This action frees up RAM space and enables the system to load different programs. Read Only Memory (ROM) This type of memory is active, regardless of whether the system is turned on or is switched off.It is a kind of permanent non-volatile storage memory. As the name read only suggests, the contents in it cannot be changed or modified. It is an integrated circuit which is pre-programmed with important data that should necessarily be present for the computer to carry out its normal functionalities. Cache Cache is a kind of RAM which a computer system can access more responsively than it can in regular RAM. The central processing unit looks up in the cache memory before clear-cut in the central memory storage area to determine the information it requires.This rules out the need for the system to search for information in larger and larger memory storage areas, which in turn leads to a faster extraction of data. Computer Hard Drive These devices are important data storage components that are installed in the CPL. Their memory ranges widely, and a user may choose the memory depending on the data needed to be stored and accessed. Nowadays, hard drives having a memory content of 120 gigabytes to 500 gigabytes are normally used. Flash Memory This is a non-volatile kind of memory which is intended to contribute to portable torage and a convenient air of data from one computer to another.The data in it can be run throughd and re-programmed as per the users requirements. It only has a specific number of erase and write cycles that it can withstand, after which it creates a tendency to lose out on the stored information. Memory cards and USB flash drives These are Just the common and main computer memory types which facilitate memory and data storage. However, there are many subtypes which are sorted out according to the memory-related functionalities they perform and the requirements they serve.

Hr Provision Essay

Provision function is a consecutive process of human resources planning, vocation analysis, enlisting, selection, spot and incorporation. HR Planning The ongoing process of systematic planning is to achieve optimum practice of an memorial tablets most valuable asset its human resources. The objective of HR planning is to ensure the outstrip fit between employees and jobs, while avoiding manpower shortages or surpluses. sandpaper Corporation would have to look at the three key elements of the HR planning process, which are forecasting labour demand, analyzing present labour supply, and equilibrise projected labour demand and supply.Proper human resource planning will enable Sands HR department to plan recruitment, selection, training and career ontogeny . The HR plan needs to be flexible enough to meet short-term staffing challenges, while adapting to changing conditions in the business and environment every vest the longer term. Job Analysis and Design Job analysis is the p rocess by which HR consistently investigate the task, duties and responsibilities of the jobs within an organisation. For human resource to be effective, Sands HR must be cognisant of the essentials that amount to each position.That is there should be a process whereby the substance, demands and responsibilities of a job are determined. thence two sets of information should originate from job analysis. First, Job Description which is the document that identifies and defines a job in terms of duties, responsibilities, tasks and supervisory relationships. Second, Job Specification which is a written statement which emphasises the characteristics required from the incumbent to perpetrate the job successfully, which should include skills, abilities and knowledge .Recruitment and selection the process of acquiring applicants who are available and adequate to fill the positions and choosing from a group of applicants the individual best suited for a particular position. Recruitment u nremarkably comes about as a result of HR planning and vacant positions that have to be filled. The staffing personnel, should use the job analysis as the point of departure, and follow steps such as recruitment planning, recruitment action (how, where and when), the type of recruiting source, screening and selecting .HR manager and the staffing personnel should through and through the recruiting process, consider the legal aspects as well, such as the labour Relation Act, No. 66 of 1995, the Basic Conditions of Employment Act, No. 75 of 1997 and the Employment Equity Act, no. 55 of 1998. billet this is the process by which the staffing specialist will place a new appointed employee in an organisation, or transfer existing employees are transferred to new posts. Placement is important because of the heterogeneity of the labour groups.The staffing personnel should make sure that there is FIT between the job itself and the new job incumbent, so that there would be high productivity a nd a lower free over from the new incumbent. It should be clear that placement is a combination of the employers requirement to fill a position successfully and the employees motivation to reach the top. Incorporation The specialist in training and development should attend and make sure that the new employee settles into the new position.The employee should be provided with the information regarding the organisation and its culture through orientation, must also be given specific information about the position and the department should be given through induction. The new employee must be made to feel part of the new exploit group as soon as possible. The training personnel need to explain the organisations policies, rules and regulations to the new employee as well as counter negative influences by fellow workers.

Digital Media

Introduction You whitethorn put on heard of digital media, but you whitethorn stool no paper what it is and how it fire help you come in when it comes to marketing. Its definitely important that you get up to speed so you rear use this to benefit your business. fun ladyntally digital media refers to any graphic symbol of electronic media bulge out in that location. Today media fuck be entrance agencyed in umteen ship personal manner, including with hand held devices want mobile phones, laptops, desktops, mp3 happeners, and to a smashinger extent. digital media essential be stored in an electronic way, so in that respect is a gang of digital field on the internet nowadays, including text edition capability, pictures, speech sound fill, as wholesome as telecasting content.Through the history of internet, digital media has been developing in non-homogeneous ways. Heres well take a takeion at how it has affected the Internet and ways that it may be integr ated moving forwards (Rogers 2006). one(a) sheath of digital media is text this in fact represented the truly first explosion ofthistype of contentout thither on the Internet. When the Internet first got big, there was an explosion of content on the web, especially with all the text editors and word processing options out there today (Rogers 2006).Larger companies started to put take fretting on ready reckoners instead of storing it in cabinets, and the internet definitely allowed a grand way to shargon, transfer, and store content as salutary. As the Internet grew, images began to appear. Instead of just text emails, in short nation could send photos, and before long photo sites for sharing photos began to pop up. Then in the middle 1990s, audio began to endure an important ruin of digital media with the mp3 files that could be easily utilize. Soon medicament and much(prenominal) was sh bed online with sites that allowed you to sh atomic number 18 audio.Last in the digital media development was video. YouTube definitely make video sharing a tremendously popular form of unexampled media distribution and this is continuing to grow as we speak today. instanter with late technology unwrapn in things alike(p) the iPhone,this saucily form of virtual mediais easy in handheld devices as well, and no doubtthis sectoris simply going to continue to grow in the future (Rogers 2006). Now that you encounter a phone number to a greater extent(prenominal) well-nigh the technology side, you may be wondering how it arouse help your business.Well businesses ar victimization digital media for marketing much than and more today, reliableizing that there is a capacious marketing field out there and thatit fag end help to draw in visitors and can make up provide better anticipate engine visibility with you. Text content can be unbroken updated on your site and encouraging content is a great part of trade good marketing. Expertise in your fie ld can genuinely help your business and get traffic flowing into your business website. Photos, charts, diagrams, and models ar always popular online and volition help you to get more visibility as well.Audio allows you to use music on pages or to do podcasts for your business. Creating videos is a popular method of digital media marketing today, and videos do in truth well in essay engines (Rogers 2006). With the popularity of digital media, it is definitely important that you continue to create and use it for good marketing and business results. stock-still if you sine qua non to hire someone to help out, the benefits go out make it expenditure the money. So k outrighting close and development digital media is definitely important for your business success todayProblem line of reasoning Most people live with the idea that the media can influence people. But the degree of that influence, as well as who is approximately- strikeed, when, how and why, cause been the sub jects of great debate among communication scholars for nformer(a) a century. Media cause refers to the many ways individuals and society may be influenced by two news show and entertainment mass media, including film, video, radio, newspapers, books, magazines, websites, video games, and music.To empathise digital media cause, it is first precise to consider how media be used and for what purposes. Communication scholars experience traditionally go into twain camps functionalists, who believe the media consultation tends to be in control and active, and critical/culturalists who believe the audience has slight control and is therefore more passive. The balance may lie somewhere in the middle and may vary from estate to country. settle of the larn In this paper we ar going to study and valuate the digital media and its effect on peasantren in general.The following text is a general idea youth eliminate an average of 7 hours/day using media and the long majorit y of them devour access to a bedroom television set, computer, the Internet, a video-game console, and a cell phone. In this paper we review the most modern inquiry on the effects of media on the behavior and wellness and well-being of children and adolescents. Studies book sh witness that media can provide procreation about safe health practices and can foster fond connectedness.However, recent evidence raises concerns about medias effects on enmity, intimate behavior, centre of attention use, disordered eating, and academic difficulties. We provide recommendations for pargonnts, practitioners, the media, and policy makers, among separates, for ways to increase the benefits and let down the harm that media can endure for the developing child and for adolescents. more(prenominal) than 50 years of media look into attests to the pregnant influence of media on child and adolescent health.Both old media (television, movies, magazines) and new media (the Internet and socia l networking sites, video/computer games, cell phones) can get to an impact on virtually either health concern that practitioners and p arnts have got about young people, including rapacious behavior, bad wakenual behavior, substance use, and disordered eating. Although the media argon not the trail cause of any of these problems, the look into reviewed here suggests that they are significant.Yet, despite the evidence of potential harm, there is overly evidence that media can be beneficial for younker (eg, by increasing empathy and acceptance of diversity by dint of modeling of prosocial behaviors and developing childrens early literacy skills through educational programmeming). Those concerned with child and adolescent health need to be aware of the research on the effects of modern media on youth. Theoretical framework literary productions review Media affect youth not only by displacing judgment of conviction they spend doing homework or sleeping but excessively by influencing beliefs and behaviors.According to social learning theory, children and adolescents learn by observing and imitating what they see on the imbue, peculiarly when these behaviors see realistic or are rewarded. Cognitive development theory asserts that childrens cognitive capacities at different stages get if and how they understand media content. For example, children younger than 8 years who are not thus far able to comprehend persuasive intent will be more vulnerable to advertising.In addition, media present youth with common scripts for how to behave in unfamiliar situations such as wild-eyed descents. Finally, superpeer theory states that the media are like herculean best friends in some metres making risky behaviors seem like normative behavior. With the frame of theories suggesting a potentially powerful effect of the media and the growing empirical evidence for negative impact, one qualification hypothesize that parents would take safeguard to limit ikon to detrimental media content.However, the third-person effect (a well-documented phenomenon in the communications literature) shows that teenagers and adults have in mind that the media influence everyone except themselves or their children Violence and Aggression By the age of 18, the average adolescent will have seen an estimated 200 000 acts of hysteria on television alone. Much of the force out on television and in movies is presented in a hygienize and glamorized fashion, and in childrens programming it often is presented as humorous.More than 10% of 10- to 14-year-olds saw 40 of the most violent movies in 2003. Both music videos and rap music have become increasingly violent. Interactive media can pull ahead antisocial beliefs and behavior in children and adolescents, particularly because rage in new media has been put to be frequent as well. A recent analysis of video games revealed that more than half(a) of all games contain violence, including 90% rated as appropr iate for children recovered 10 years and older.Health professionals worry most about first-person shooter video games. In the afterwardsmath of the West Paducah, KY school shooting, it was discovered that the shooter had neer fired a real gun in his life before that day, besides his marksmanship was both straight and lethal. Researchers believe that repeated painting to mediated violence can lead to anxiety and fear, acceptance of violence as an appropriate intend of solving conflict, and desensitization, with resulting increases in aggression and decreases in altruism.In particular, the portrayal of justifiable violence that is common in American mediagood guys versus bad guysplaces children at risk because it is so powerfully reinforcing. The relationship in the midst of media violence and real-life aggression is nearly as strong as the impact of cigarette pot on lung cancer not everyone who smokes will get lung cancer, and not everyone who views media violence will becom e in-your-face themselves. However, the joining is significant. The most questionable forms of media violence include attractive and unpunished perpetrators, no harm to victims, realism, and humor. SexResearchers investigating the impact of exposure to cozy content in media on adolescent sexual beliefs and early sexual initiation have found modest but significant associations, particularly in the realm of pornography. In a national warning of 1500 10- to 17-year-olds, nearly half of the Internet users had been exposed to on-line pornography in the previous year. In a sample of middle-school youth, exposure to sexually explicit (X-rated) content predicted perpetration of sexual harassment (for males), more bailable sexual norms, having oral sex, and engaging in sexual intercourse period in high school.Longitudinal studies now exist that have linked unfathomed exposure to sexual content in mainstream media with more fast progression of sexual activity, earlier coital behavi or, greater risk for and unintended pregnancy, and sexually transmitted disease. genius explanation for this relationship may lie in the role of the media as a superpeer that gives adolescent audiences a consistent message that sex is normative and risk free. In addition, media toy an important role in providing sexual cultivation to adolescents in the United States and in shaping their beliefs about how males and females behave in romantic relationships.Television shows geared toward teenagers actually have more sexual content than adult-oriented shows, yet there is little have in mind of the need for contraception or for responsibility. Virtually every Western country makes birth control available to adolescents, including allowing birth control advertisements in the media, but the major US television networks balk at breathing ads for contraception. This flies in the face of the fact that a substantial bole of evidence shows that giving teenagers access to condoms does no t lead to earlier sexual activity.Parents and child advocates often express concern over children connecting with funnys on-line. Although there have been disturbing cases of Internet sexual predatory activity by adults on children, most recent studies of Internet safety have suggested that sexual solicitation of minors is more promising to occur by other minors. Social networking sites such as MySpace and Facebook enable adolescents to present themselves publicly, sometimes in very sexually suggestive ways however, adult on-line predators are not using social networking sites to baffle or entice their victims.One national survey of sexing with cell phones, conducted with 13- to 19-year-olds, revealed that 20% had sent and 48% had received sexual messages. However, social networking sites can also be used prosocially for safer-sex campaigns, for example. Substance Use In the United States, more than $22 billion is spent marketing and advertising medicates ($13 billion on tobacco , $5 billion on inebriant, and $4 billion on prescription drugs), and many research studies have shown that it has a significant impact on adolescent use.Children and teenagers can also see considerable inebriant and drug content in on-line videos. Recent studies of social networking sites have found that substance cry is referenced in 40% of the profiles. Portrayals of tobacco are also prevalent in the movies ? 70% of movies made in the United States today contains roll of tobacco, and locoweed is rarely associated with negative health outcomes. Longitudinal prospective studies have revealed that exposure to movie smoking at baseline (grades 58) predicts smoking initiation 1 to 8 years later.Experimental research has helped irradiate why exposure to movie characters smoking is associated with smoking initiation viewers who identify with the storyline and the characters are more likely to increase their intention to smoke. Obesity and Eating Disorders numerous American and int ernational longitudinal studies (one of them as long as 26 years in duration) have shown that media use is contributing to the online epidemic of obesity worldwide. However, the mechanism for why heavy television-viewing, in particular, is prophetical of childrens weight status is unclear. regimen marketing may be 1 culprit.Children and teenagers see 44007600 ads per year for scrap fare for thought and fast solid food on television alone. Randomized, controlled experiments have provided evidence that exposure to junk food advertising has an impact on childrens food beliefs and preferences. The Internet now presents a new concern. As the Kaiser home noted, There is a vast amount of food related content online, with the potential to importantly exaggerate and deepen childrens exposure to food marketing messages. Apart from the influence of advertising, eating while viewing may lead to greater food consumption.College-aged students showed significantly greater consumption of f ood when subjects were watching television versus audience to classical music. The investigators hypothesized that satiety cues are suppressed in viewing conditions. Although the evidence that television-viewing displaces physical activity is equivocal, researchers are now examining whether heavy media use, particularly at nighttime, displaces sleep. Children who do not get enough sleep are more likely to shoot in sedentary behaviors (such as television-viewing) and less likely to engage in physical activity.The media play a crucial role in the formation of be self-image and may be responsible for creating unrealistic expectations and body dissatisfaction. Females who are regular readers of fashion and beauty magazines in early adolescence are more likely to fall behind from a distorted body image during their teenaged years. A internal field experiment in Fiji revealed that the preponderance of eating disorders increased dramatically after the introduction of American televisi on programs, which show besides thin female lead characters.On the Internet, there are now nose candy proanorexia Web sites that not only encourage disordered eating but offer specific advice on purging, severely restricting thermic intake, and exercising excessively. School Performance and Learning Problems The possibility of a connection between television-viewing and ADD or other learning disabilities is currently an issue of great controversy. An initial study in 2004 revealed an association between daily hours of television-viewing at the ages of 1 to 2 years and subsequent attentional problems at the age of 7.However, a more recent study in which 59 children with ADD and 106 comparing children were examined actually revealed that the latter had more impairment in their cognitive processes after viewing television than the former. At least 4 studies have shown an impact on academic performance, especially if there is a television set in the childs or teenagers bedroom. Other Health cause Heavy television-viewing has also been associated with hypercholesterolemia, hypertension, an increased prevalence of asthma, sleep disorders, mood disorders, mental distress, and depression.These were largely correlational studies and, therefore, did not necessarily show cause and effect. Prosocial Effects Despite the negative effects listed above, the media can be powerfully prosocial and educational. Children and teenagers can learn antiviolence attitudes, empathy, tolerance toward people of other races and ethnicities, and respect for their elders. goggle box games can be beneficial as well, including improving compliance with chemotherapy regimens in adolescents with cancer.Important and useful public messages can be roaringly embedded into primetime television shows that are popular with adolescents. In an episode of the television program Friends, for example, Rachel tells her boyfriend Ross that she is pregnant although they had used a condom. A national environ survey conducted with Friends viewers after the episode aired found that adolescents learned that condoms are not fool-proof and were more likely to debate contraception with their parents.Similarly, a recent episode of Grays Anatomy was effective in dogma viewers about human immunodeficiency virus and pregnancy. Research into the impact of digital media on relationship formation and caution has revealed that on-line communication and on-line self-disclosure can stimulate adolescents social connectedness and, thereby, their well-being. However, the benefits of socializing on-line are not equal for every child or adolescent. The positive Internet effect holds only when adolescents predominantly talk with their existing friends.Communication technologies that are most often used to communicate with strangers (eg, chat in a public chat room) or more solitary forms of Internet use (such as surfing the Web) have negative effects on social connectedness. TRADITIONAL MEDIA AND NEW MEDIA Children and adolescents spend more time with media than they do in any other activity except for sleepingan average of 7 hours/day. Childrens bedrooms are pig out with media technology by 2005, two thirds had a television set, one half had a VCR or DVD player or video-game console, and nearly one third had Internet access or a computer.Media impact is increased significantly with the presence of a bedroom television viewing increases 1 to 2 hours/day, risk of overweight increases by 31%, and the likelihood of smoking doubles. When a television is in the bedroom, parents are less able to monitoring device viewing habits , children participate in fewer activities such as study and hobbies, and sleep is shortened heavens Observation Focus multitude One of the aims of my research paper was to understand what children flavour about the way they are affected by the Digital media. To do this i used one of our qualitative methods emphasis group.A concentrate group is a m ethod that is used by researchers to find out what peoples opinions and views are. During a focus group the researcher(s) will ask questions to stimulate news within the group, while winning note of what people are saying about particular issues. The focus group were conducted in Notre dame college-lwaize in total, 10 young people (5 males and 5 females) took part, who were all aged between 9 12year. examination asked during the focus group * Do Digital media take a lot of your time? * Do you live lost when you are not connected? Do you go online to checker for new updates? * Do you feel you always have to go online to learn/view information? * Do you forget to eat when you are connected? * Do you use online social networking to retrieve any type of information? * Does spending time on social networking affects on your grades in a negative way? * Do you think you can stop yourself from always connecting online? * Are you unable to continue your day without checking for updates of news / friends online? * Has social networking sites made you become depressed? Do you enter sexual websites? * Do you talk with stranger people online? Analysis after the focus groups were make, the information was analyzed and i was able to put unitedly the information to have a basic result. I can say that each person had his/her own view, the information was not thinkable to evaluate and conduct on a percentage scale. The focus group study it showed that the males spend more time on social networking sites then men. They believe they do spend more time online which allows them to play ad enter many kind of websites.All participants believe online social networking is time consuming and has its negatives. Some of the negatives apt(p) about online social networking. Some positives were it has allowed a number of people to be curious to want to go to bed more information, to learn more, to be able to communicate with people in different countries and be entertained. firmne ss of purpose and recommendation Parents should limit total screen time for children older than 2 years to no more than 1 to 2 hours/day, and avoid screen time for children younger than 2 years.Also keep childrens bedrooms free of screen media and co-view media with their children and discuss the content.. Parents also need to avoid exposing young children to PG-13 and R-rated movies, given the prevalence of violent and sexual content in higher-rated film sand the new evidence that movie scenes that prove drinking alcohol and smoking may be very influential in teenagers decisions to use alcohol and tobacco. In addition, parents can be mindful of their own media practices, because studies have shown that the strongest predictor of childrens heavy media use is parents heavy media use.Parental efforts to interpret, elaborate, and provide supplemental information on topics introduced by television have been found to be successful in countering negative or harmful content. In a recent study on exposure to sexual media content, adolescents who report that they discuss the content of what they see on television are less likely to engage in risky sexual activity. Moreover, Schools have not kept pace with modern media, especially in violence prevention, drug prevention, and sex education programs.With the amount of sexual suggestiveness currently displayed on television and in movies, schools no durable have any excuse for not providing comprehensive school-based sex education programs for children and adolescents, including full discussions of contraception and discussions of how sex and sexuality are portrayed in the media. Similarly, drug education programs must progress beyond dart tactics to incorporate principles of media education, teaching young people how to deconstruct alcohol and tobacco ads and, therefore, become more resilient.Conclusion During the past 50 years, thousands of research studies have revealed that the media can be a powerful teacher of ch ildren and adolescents and have a profound impact on their health. To date, too little has been done by parents, health care practitioners, schools, the entertainment industry, or the government to protect children and adolescents from harmful media effects and to maximise the powerfully prosocial aspects of modern media. More research is needed, but sufficient data exist to warrant both concern and increased action.Digital MediaIntroduction You may have heard of digital media, but you may have no idea what it is and how it can help you out when it comes to marketing. Its definitely important that you get up to speed so you can use this to benefit your business. Basically digital media refers to any type of electronic media out there. Today media can be accessed in many ways, including with hand held devices like mobile phones, laptops, desktops, mp3 players, and more. Digital media must be stored in an electronic way, so there is a lot of digital content on the internet today, inc luding text content, pictures, audio content, as well as video content.Through the history of internet, digital media has been developing in various ways. Heres well take a look at how it has affected the Internet and ways that it may be integrated moving forwards (Rogers 2006). One type of digital media is text this in fact represented the very first explosion ofthistype of contentout there on the Internet. When the Internet first got big, there was an explosion of content on the web, especially with all the text editors and word processing options out there today (Rogers 2006).Larger companies started to put date on computers instead of storing it in cabinets, and the internet definitely allowed a great way to share, transfer, and store content as well. As the Internet grew, images began to appear. Instead of just text emails, soon people could send photos, and soon photo sites for sharing photos began to pop up. Then in the middle 1990s, audio began to become an important part of digital media with the mp3 files that could be easily used. Soon music and more was shared out online with sites that allowed you to share audio.Last in the digital media development was video. YouTube definitely made video sharing a hugely popular form of modern media distribution and this is continuing to grow as we speak today. Now with new technology seen in things like the iPhone,this new form of virtual mediais available in handheld devices as well, and no doubtthis sectoris only going to continue to grow in the future (Rogers 2006). Now that you understand a bit more about the technology side, you may be wondering how it can help your business.Well businesses are using digital media for marketing more and more today, realizing that there is a huge marketing field out there and thatit can help to draw in visitors and can even provide better search engine visibility with you. Text content can be kept updated on your site and helpful content is a great part of good marketing. Expertise in your field can really help your business and get traffic flowing into your business website. Photos, charts, diagrams, and models are always popular online and will help you to get more visibility as well.Audio allows you to use music on pages or to do podcasts for your business. Creating videos is a popular method of digital media marketing today, and videos do very well in search engines (Rogers 2006). With the popularity of digital media, it is definitely important that you continue to create and use it for good marketing and business results. Even if you have to hire someone to help out, the benefits will make it worth the money. So knowing about and using digital media is definitely important for your business success todayProblem statement Most people accept the idea that the media can influence people. But the degree of that influence, as well as who is most-impacted, when, how and why, have been the subjects of great debate among communication scholars for nearl y a century. Media effects refers to the many ways individuals and society may be influenced by both news and entertainment mass media, including film, television, radio, newspapers, books, magazines, websites, video games, and music.To understand digital media effects, it is first critical to consider how media are used and for what purposes. Communication scholars have traditionally fallen into two camps functionalists, who believe the media audience tends to be in control and active, and critical/culturalists who believe the audience has less control and is therefore more passive. The balance may lie somewhere in the middle and may vary from country to country. Purpose of the study In this paper we are going to study and evaluate the digital media and its effect on children in general.The following text is a general idea Youth spend an average of 7 hours/day using media and the vast majority of them have access to a bedroom television, computer, the Internet, a video-game consol e, and a cell phone. In this paper we review the most recent research on the effects of media on the behavior and health and well-being of children and adolescents. Studies have shown that media can provide information about safe health practices and can foster social connectedness.However, recent evidence raises concerns about medias effects on aggression, sexual behavior, substance use, disordered eating, and academic difficulties. We provide recommendations for parents, practitioners, the media, and policy makers, among others, for ways to increase the benefits and reduce the harm that media can have for the developing child and for adolescents. More than 50 years of media research attests to the significant influence of media on child and adolescent health.Both old media (television, movies, magazines) and new media (the Internet and social networking sites, video/computer games, cell phones) can have an impact on virtually every health concern that practitioners and parents hav e about young people, including aggressive behavior, risky sexual behavior, substance use, and disordered eating. Although the media are not the leading cause of any of these problems, the research reviewed here suggests that they are significant.Yet, despite the evidence of potential harm, there is also evidence that media can be beneficial for youth (eg, by increasing empathy and acceptance of diversity through modeling of prosocial behaviors and developing childrens early literacy skills through educational programming). Those concerned with child and adolescent health need to be aware of the research on the effects of modern media on youth. Theoretical framework Literature review Media affect youth not only by displacing time they spend doing homework or sleeping but also by influencing beliefs and behaviors.According to social learning theory, children and adolescents learn by observing and imitating what they see on the screen, particularly when these behaviors seem realistic or are rewarded. Cognitive development theory asserts that childrens cognitive capacities at different stages determine if and how they understand media content. For example, children younger than 8 years who are not yet able to comprehend persuasive intent will be more vulnerable to advertising.In addition, media present youth with common scripts for how to behave in unfamiliar situations such as romantic relationships. Finally, superpeer theory states that the media are like powerful best friends in sometimes making risky behaviors seem like normative behavior. With the variety of theories suggesting a potentially powerful effect of the media and the growing empirical evidence for negative impact, one might hypothesize that parents would take care to limit exposure to detrimental media content.However, the third-person effect (a well-documented phenomenon in the communications literature) shows that teenagers and adults think that the media influence everyone except themselves or their children Violence and Aggression By the age of 18, the average adolescent will have seen an estimated 200 000 acts of violence on television alone. Much of the violence on television and in movies is presented in a sanitized and glamorized fashion, and in childrens programming it often is presented as humorous.More than 10% of 10- to 14-year-olds saw 40 of the most violent movies in 2003. Both music videos and rap music have become increasingly violent. Interactive media can encourage antisocial beliefs and behavior in children and adolescents, particularly because violence in new media has been found to be prevalent as well. A recent analysis of video games revealed that more than half of all games contain violence, including 90% rated as appropriate for children aged 10 years and older.Health professionals worry most about first-person shooter video games. In the aftermath of the West Paducah, KY school shooting, it was discovered that the shooter had never fired a real gun in his life before that day, yet his marksmanship was both accurate and lethal. Researchers believe that repeated exposure to mediated violence can lead to anxiety and fear, acceptance of violence as an appropriate means of solving conflict, and desensitization, with resulting increases in aggression and decreases in altruism.In particular, the portrayal of justifiable violence that is common in American mediagood guys versus bad guysplaces children at risk because it is so powerfully reinforcing. The relationship between media violence and real-life aggression is nearly as strong as the impact of cigarette smoking on lung cancer not everyone who smokes will get lung cancer, and not everyone who views media violence will become aggressive themselves. However, the connection is significant. The most problematic forms of media violence include attractive and unpunished perpetrators, no harm to victims, realism, and humor. SexResearchers investigating the impact of exposure to sexual c ontent in media on adolescent sexual beliefs and early sexual initiation have found modest but significant associations, particularly in the realm of pornography. In a national sample of 1500 10- to 17-year-olds, nearly half of the Internet users had been exposed to on-line pornography in the previous year. In a sample of middle-school youth, exposure to sexually explicit (X-rated) content predicted perpetration of sexual harassment (for males), more permissive sexual norms, having oral sex, and engaging in sexual intercourse while in high school.Longitudinal studies now exist that have linked heavy exposure to sexual content in mainstream media with more rapid progression of sexual activity, earlier coital behavior, greater risk for and unplanned pregnancy, and sexually transmitted disease. One explanation for this relationship may lie in the role of the media as a superpeer that gives adolescent audiences a consistent message that sex is normative and risk free. In addition, media play an important role in providing sexual information to adolescents in the United States and in shaping their beliefs about how males and females behave in romantic relationships.Television shows geared toward teenagers actually have more sexual content than adult-oriented shows, yet there is little mention of the need for contraception or for responsibility. Virtually every Western country makes birth control available to adolescents, including allowing birth control advertisements in the media, but the major US television networks balk at airing ads for contraception. This flies in the face of the fact that a substantial body of evidence shows that giving teenagers access to condoms does not lead to earlier sexual activity.Parents and child advocates often express concern over children connecting with strangers on-line. Although there have been disturbing cases of Internet sexual predatory activity by adults on children, most recent studies of Internet safety have suggested tha t sexual solicitation of minors is more likely to occur by other minors. Social networking sites such as MySpace and Facebook enable adolescents to present themselves publicly, sometimes in very sexually suggestive ways however, adult on-line predators are not using social networking sites to find or entice their victims.One national survey of sexing with cell phones, conducted with 13- to 19-year-olds, revealed that 20% had sent and 48% had received sexual messages. However, social networking sites can also be used prosocially for safer-sex campaigns, for example. Substance Use In the United States, more than $22 billion is spent marketing and advertising drugs ($13 billion on tobacco, $5 billion on alcohol, and $4 billion on prescription drugs), and many research studies have shown that it has a significant impact on adolescent use.Children and teenagers can also see considerable alcohol and drug content in on-line videos. Recent studies of social networking sites have found that substance abuse is referenced in 40% of the profiles. Portrayals of tobacco are also prevalent in the movies ? 70% of movies made in the United States today contains smoking, and smoking is rarely associated with negative health outcomes. Longitudinal prospective studies have revealed that exposure to movie smoking at baseline (grades 58) predicts smoking initiation 1 to 8 years later.Experimental research has helped illuminate why exposure to movie characters smoking is associated with smoking initiation viewers who identify with the storyline and the characters are more likely to increase their intention to smoke. Obesity and Eating Disorders Numerous American and international longitudinal studies (one of them as long as 26 years in duration) have shown that media use is contributing to the current epidemic of obesity worldwide. However, the mechanism for why heavy television-viewing, in particular, is predictive of childrens weight status is unclear. Food marketing may be 1 culp rit.Children and teenagers see 44007600 ads per year for junk food and fast food on television alone. Randomized, controlled experiments have provided evidence that exposure to junk food advertising has an impact on childrens food beliefs and preferences. The Internet now presents a new concern. As the Kaiser Foundation noted, There is a vast amount of food related content online, with the potential to significantly expand and deepen childrens exposure to food marketing messages. Apart from the influence of advertising, eating while viewing may lead to greater food consumption.College-aged students showed significantly greater consumption of food when subjects were watching television versus listening to classical music. The investigators hypothesized that satiety cues are suppressed in viewing conditions. Although the evidence that television-viewing displaces physical activity is equivocal, researchers are now examining whether heavy media use, particularly at nighttime, displaces sleep. Children who do not get enough sleep are more likely to engage in sedentary behaviors (such as television-viewing) and less likely to engage in physical activity.The media play a crucial role in the formation of body self-image and may be responsible for creating unrealistic expectations and body dissatisfaction. Females who are regular readers of fashion and beauty magazines in early adolescence are more likely to suffer from a distorted body image during their teenaged years. A natural field experiment in Fiji revealed that the prevalence of eating disorders increased dramatically after the introduction of American television programs, which show excessively thin female lead characters.On the Internet, there are now 100 proanorexia Web sites that not only encourage disordered eating but offer specific advice on purging, severely restricting caloric intake, and exercising excessively. School Performance and Learning Problems The possibility of a connection between televisio n-viewing and ADD or other learning disabilities is currently an issue of great controversy. An initial study in 2004 revealed an association between daily hours of television-viewing at the ages of 1 to 2 years and subsequent attentional problems at the age of 7.However, a more recent study in which 59 children with ADD and 106 comparison children were examined actually revealed that the latter had more impairment in their cognitive processes after viewing television than the former. At least 4 studies have shown an impact on academic performance, especially if there is a television set in the childs or teenagers bedroom. Other Health Effects Heavy television-viewing has also been associated with hypercholesterolemia, hypertension, an increased prevalence of asthma, sleep disorders, mood disorders, psychological distress, and depression.These were largely correlational studies and, therefore, did not necessarily show cause and effect. Prosocial Effects Despite the negative effects listed above, the media can be powerfully prosocial and educational. Children and teenagers can learn antiviolence attitudes, empathy, tolerance toward people of other races and ethnicities, and respect for their elders. Video games can be beneficial as well, including improving compliance with chemotherapy regimens in adolescents with cancer.Important and useful public messages can be successfully embedded into primetime television shows that are popular with adolescents. In an episode of the television program Friends, for example, Rachel tells her boyfriend Ross that she is pregnant although they had used a condom. A national telephone survey conducted with Friends viewers after the episode aired found that adolescents learned that condoms are not fool-proof and were more likely to discuss contraception with their parents.Similarly, a recent episode of Grays Anatomy was effective in teaching viewers about HIV and pregnancy. Research into the impact of digital media on relationshi p formation and maintenance has revealed that on-line communication and on-line self-disclosure can stimulate adolescents social connectedness and, thereby, their well-being. However, the benefits of socializing on-line are not equal for every child or adolescent. The positive Internet effect holds only when adolescents predominantly talk with their existing friends.Communication technologies that are most often used to communicate with strangers (eg, chat in a public chat room) or more solitary forms of Internet use (such as surfing the Web) have negative effects on social connectedness. TRADITIONAL MEDIA AND NEW MEDIA Children and adolescents spend more time with media than they do in any other activity except for sleepingan average of 7 hours/day. Childrens bedrooms are replete with media technology by 2005, two thirds had a television set, one half had a VCR or DVD player or video-game console, and nearly one third had Internet access or a computer.Media impact is increased sign ificantly with the presence of a bedroom television viewing increases 1 to 2 hours/day, risk of overweight increases by 31%, and the likelihood of smoking doubles. When a television is in the bedroom, parents are less able to monitor viewing habits , children participate in fewer activities such as reading and hobbies, and sleep is shortened Field Observation Focus group One of the aims of my research paper was to understand what children feel about the way they are affected by the Digital media. To do this i used one of our qualitative methods focus group.A focus group is a method that is used by researchers to find out what peoples opinions and views are. During a focus group the researcher(s) will ask questions to stimulate discussion within the group, while taking note of what people are saying about particular issues. The focus group were conducted in Notre dame college-lwaize in total, 10 young people (5 males and 5 females) took part, who were all aged between 9 12year. Que stion asked during the focus group * Do Digital media take a lot of your time? * Do you feel lost when you are not connected? Do you go online to check for new updates? * Do you feel you always have to go online to learn/view information? * Do you forget to eat when you are connected? * Do you use online social networking to retrieve any type of information? * Does spending time on social networking affects on your grades in a negative way? * Do you think you can stop yourself from always connecting online? * Are you unable to continue your day without checking for updates of news / friends online? * Has social networking sites made you become depressed? Do you enter sexual websites? * Do you talk with stranger people online? Analysis After the focus groups were done, the information was analyzed and i was able to put together the information to have a basic result. I can say that each person had his/her own view, the information was not possible to evaluate and conduct on a percent age scale. The focus group study it showed that the males spend more time on social networking sites then men. They believe they do spend more time online which allows them to play ad enter many kind of websites.All participants believe online social networking is time consuming and has its negatives. Some of the negatives given about online social networking. Some positives were it has allowed a number of people to be curious to want to know more information, to learn more, to be able to communicate with people in different countries and be entertained. Solution and recommendation Parents should limit total screen time for children older than 2 years to no more than 1 to 2 hours/day, and avoid screen time for children younger than 2 years.Also keep childrens bedrooms free of screen media and co-view media with their children and discuss the content.. Parents also need to avoid exposing young children to PG-13 and R-rated movies, given the prevalence of violent and sexual content in higher-rated film sand the new evidence that movie scenes that depict drinking alcohol and smoking may be very influential in teenagers decisions to use alcohol and tobacco. In addition, parents can be mindful of their own media practices, because studies have shown that the strongest predictor of childrens heavy media use is parents heavy media use.Parental efforts to interpret, elaborate, and provide supplemental information on topics introduced by television have been found to be successful in countering negative or harmful content. In a recent study on exposure to sexual media content, adolescents who report that they discuss the content of what they see on television are less likely to engage in risky sexual activity. Moreover, Schools have not kept pace with modern media, especially in violence prevention, drug prevention, and sex education programs.With the amount of sexual suggestiveness currently displayed on television and in movies, schools no longer have any excuse for not providing comprehensive school-based sex education programs for children and adolescents, including full discussions of contraception and discussions of how sex and sexuality are portrayed in the media. Similarly, drug education programs must progress beyond scare tactics to incorporate principles of media education, teaching young people how to deconstruct alcohol and tobacco ads and, therefore, become more resilient.Conclusion During the past 50 years, thousands of research studies have revealed that the media can be a powerful teacher of children and adolescents and have a profound impact on their health. To date, too little has been done by parents, health care practitioners, schools, the entertainment industry, or the government to protect children and adolescents from harmful media effects and to maximize the powerfully prosocial aspects of modern media. More research is needed, but sufficient data exist to warrant both concern and increased action.

Community Health Nursing Essay

Course description Continued study of nursing models and application of relevant theories to guide nursing practice as it pertains to health promotion and risk reduction. Using the family as the essential unit of fretting crossways all environments at bottom the conjunction, critical thinking and clinical decision-making processes will facilitate the design, management, and provision of alimony to modify risk factors. It promotes meshwork of healthy lifestyles among individuals and families within the community. Specific clinical activities are related to prevention and reduction of health disparities across the life span through the conduct of community assessment and the development and implementation of culturally steal nursing strategies reflecting professional values and behaviors.Prerequisites or Co-requisiteNURS 3000, NURS 3020, SOC 2100Course ObjectivesAt the conclusion of the course, the student will be able toA.Describe the current focus of state, national and glob al health objectives. B.Define health promotion and population-focused nursing practice. C.Utilize principles of prevalent health core functions and health education to formulate population focused health promotion interventions that terminus the goals of state, national and international objectives (outcomes). D.Function as patient/family advocate by designing, coordinating and managing the provision of nursing care focusing on health promotion and risk reduction in and across all environments. E.Demonstrate intimacy and sensitivity in the care of diverse populations in regard to age, gender, culture, race, religion, socioeconomic status and lifestyle preference. F.Facilitate dynamic family participation in health assessment and the promotion of health lifestyles and health care decisions. G.Conduct comprehensive community assessment to determine family health risks/strengths.H.Demonstrate effective use of information-based technology in planning health care promotion with fami lies in the community. I.Design and implement an appropriate curriculum for health promotion of families in the community. Program assessment Plans are located at the following connexion and can be accessed by clicking on the link in the first column for each program.

Unit 3 Assignment

Unit 3 training Template Problem 1 Suppose that the supply plan of Belgium Cocoa beans is as follows Price of umber beans(per pound) standard of hot chocolate beans supplied(pounds) $40 700 $35 600 $30 d $25 400 $20 ccc Suppose that Belgium deep br receive beans can be sold only in Europe. The European demand schedule for Belgium cocoa beans is as follows Price of Belgium cocoa beans(per pound) Quantity of Belgium cocoa beans demanded(pounds) $40 100 $35 three hundred $30 500 $25 700 $20 900 a.Draw the demand curve and the supply curve for Belgium cocoa beans. What argon the equilibrium price and quantity of cocoa beans from Belgium? . . . . . $40 $35 $30 $25 $20 700 600 500 400 three hundred The equilibrium price and quantity of cocoa beans from Belgium is $30. 00 / 500 pounds Now suppose that Belgium cocoa beans can be sold in the U. S. The U. S. demand schedule for Belgium cocoa beans is as followsPrice of Belgium cocoa beans(per pound) Quantity of Belgium cocoa beans d emanded(pounds) $40 200 $35 400 $30 600 $25 800 $20 gram b. What is the demand schedule for Belgium cocoa beans now that U. S. consumers can also buy them? Price of Belgium cocoa beans Quantity of Belgium cocoa beans demanded Quantity of Belgium cocoa beans demanded Total Demanded (per pound) (pounds) (pounds) (pounds) $40 200 100 $35 400 300 $30 600 500 $25 800 700 $20 1000 900 Draw a supply and demand draw that illustrates the new equilibrium price and quantity of cocoa beans from Belgium. What ordain happen to the price at which Belgium woodlet owners can sell cocoa beans? What will happen to the price paid by European consumers? What will happen to the quantity consumed by European consumers? Problem 2 On Tuesday nights, a local eating place has a kids meal exceptional. Ninas son, Braden likes the eaterys yellow-bellied nuggets, but Braden seems to be growing bigger every day and the kids meal is usually not enough.The restaurant does allow for additional purchase of chicken nugget servings. Ninas willingness to pay for each serving is shown in the evade below. Number of Chicken Nugget servings(servings) Willingness to pay for chicken nuggets(per serving) 1 $5 2 $4 3 $3 4 $2 5 $1 6 $0 a. If the price of an additional serving of chicken nuggets is $3, how many servings will Nina buy for Braden? How much consumer profusion does he receive? b. The following week, Nina and Braden are tail end at the restaurant again, but now the price of a serving of chicken nuggets is $4.By how much does his consumer surplus decrease compared to the previous week? c. One week later, they return to the restaurant again. Nina discovers that the restaurant is offering an all-you-can-eat special for $12. How many chicken nugget servings will Braden eat, and how much consumer surplus does he receive now? d. Suppose you own the restaurant and Braden is a typical customer. What is the highest price you can charge for the all-you-can-eat special and still attract cu stomers?

Nursing Practice Act

Nursing answer session movement Being a former hold in student in the ground of Pennsylvania I beget had the Nursing exert Act of Pennsylvania. origin every(prenominal)y this assignment I knew little of the Pennsylvania laws and absolutely n iodin of the state of Florida. Every state has their ensnare of laws, which is referred to the Nursing Practice Act. Every treat student moldiness have a copy. The nursing dedicate act ensures that eachone practicing does non fall below the minimum competency and does not present danger to the public, and anyone who does allow be prohibited from practicing (Nurse Practice Act, 2007, p. ). Nurses have a legal liability to advocate for patients, and deliver the goods well(p) administproportionn of medications, and let quality, nursing care to patients without negligence. With this stem I allow explain nursing apply, proceed statement and its requirements, as well as the composition and responsibilities of the state tabular a rray of nursing. Nursing pull means the performance of those acts requiring substantial specialized knowledge, judgment, and nursing skill based upon applied principles of psychological, biological, physical, and social sciences (Nurse Practice Act, 2007, p. ). That may sum up nursing but obliges do a lot more. Nurses have a legal liability to advocate for patients, and provide safe administration of medications, and provide quality, nursing care to patients without negligence. They take the ill, injured, and infirmed. Promote wellness, maintenance of health, and prevention of illness of others. (Nurse Practice Act, 2007, p. 7). Advanced or specialized nursing practice means, in addition to the practice of professional nursing, the performance of advanced-level nursing acts approved by the board.Which by virtue of post- elementary specialized education, training, and make out are appropriately performed by an advanced registered nurse practitioner. (Nurse Practice Act, 2007, p. 7). Being a Nurse Practitioner is the closest form of nursing to a doctor. They may perform acts of medical diagnosis and treatment, are able to write prescription, and when approved by the joint charge they can preform an operation. The committee rests of dickens advanced registered nurse practitioners three members appointed by the board of medicine, and the State Surgeon world(a) of the department or the State Surgeon Generals designee.All of the acts stated above must be performed under the general supervision of a authorize practitioner (Nurse Practice Act, 2007, p. 7).. (Nurse Practice Act, 2007, p. 7). Once you finally graduate from the nursing program (yay ) you must take further steps in order to be able to practice. First you need to apply to the department to take your Nclexx. There is an application fee which does not exceed $150. 00, an enquiry fee eagerness by the board which does not exceed $75. 00, and finally the unquestionable per applicant cost to th e department for purchase of the exam from the National Council of State Boards of Nursing.Next you will have to provide sufficient information on or after October 1, 1989, which must be submitted by the department for a statewide criminal records correspondence check through the Department of Law Enforcement. You must be in good mental and physical health, is a recipient of a high school diploma or the equivalent, and has completed the requirements for graduation from an approved program, or its equivalent as determined by the board, for the preparation of registered nurses or licensed practical nurses, whichever is applicable.Courses successfully completed in a professional nursing program, which are at least equivalent to a practical nursing program, may be used to replete the education requirements for licensure as a licensed practical nurse. You have be able to communicate in the English language, which may be determined by an examination given by the department. Finally, Eac h applicant who passes the examination and provides proof of meeting the educational requirements specify in subsection shall, unless denied pursuant to s. 64. 018, be entitled to licensure as a registered professional nurse or a licensed practical nurse, whichever is applicable. (Nurse Practice Act, 2007, P. 9). In any field of work there is a code of conduct. If you choose to stray away from the rules it can wizard to disciplinary action denial, suspension, or even revocation of a license. A thing we are eyesight a lot of any more is sexual misconduct in the work place. Nurse-patient relationship is founded on mutual trust.Sexual misconduct in the practice of nursing means invasion of the nurse-patient relationship through which the nurse uses said relationship to induce or attempt to induce the patient to engage, or to engage or attempt to engage the patient, in sexual activity outside the grasp of the practice or the scope of generally accepted examination or treatment of t he patient. Sexual misconduct in the practice of nursing is prohibited. The following acts constitute grounds for denial of a license or disciplinary action, as specified in s. 56. 072(2)? Making or filing false reports or records false, misleading, or deceptive advertising amateurish conduct Engaging or attempting to engage in the possession sale or distribution of controlled substances set forth in chapter 893 Being irresponsible and unable to practice without reasonable skill and safety to patients repayable to illness or use of alcohol, drugs, narcotics, or chemicals, or any other type of material as a result of any mental or physical condition.Failing to report to the department anyone who the licensee knows is in violation of this part or to the rules of the department or the board, violating firearm being aware of any provision of the board or the departments or lawful order of the board, or failing to comply with a lawfully issued serve of the departments. Failing to rep ort any licensee who the nurse knows has violated the grounds for disciplinary action, failing to meet the standards for pleasant and prevailing nursing practice. The board may deny licensure against any applicant or licensee who is found nefarious of violating any provision of subsection 1.The board will not reconstruct the license of a nurse until a person is capable of safely engaging in the practice of nursing. The board shall not reinstate the license of a nurse who has been found guilty by the board on three smash occasions of violations. The board shall by rule establish guidelines for the disposition of disciplinary cases involving specific types of violations. Such guidelines may include minimum and maximum fines, completions of supervision or probation, or conditions of probation or reissuance of a license. Nurse Practice Act, 2007, P. 14-15). The one thing I love about nursing is all of the advancements and the almost eat upless chronic education. Continuing educati on is defined as envisionned offerings designed to enhance learning and promote the act development of knowledge, skills, and attitudes consistent with contemporary standards for nursing practice. It is also important for nurses to be up to date with all of with all of the advancements in the medical field with technology and all of the new medicine the keeps coming out.Each licensed nurse, upon request, has to submit proof satisfactory to the Board of participation in appropriate continuing education. During each two years one contact hour must be earned for each calendar calendar month of the licensure cycle. Any person licensed by examination within a two year period are exempt from the continuing education requirement for those two years however, this exemption or bound if you will, will only apply if the license is renewed in a timely manner at the end of the two years and does not apply if the license is suspended, revoked or is inactive at the end of the two years.Any nurs e who is also licensed as a practical nurse may satisfy the continuing education requirements for renewal of both licenses by completing appropriate continuing education for a registered nurse. A license is also exempt from continuing education requirements at the time of renewal if the licensee was on active duty with the Armed Forces within six months of the renewal date. However, short periods of duty such as summer of weekend drills do not count. Duty in the U. S. Public Health Service is not considered duty in the Armed Forces.A nurse who is married to a member of the Armed Forces and was caused to be move out from Florida due to the spouses duties can be exempt from continuing education. The licensee must show satisfactory proof of the absence and the spouses military states (Nurse Practice Act, 2007, P. 60). The licensee must show satisfactory proof of the absence and the spouses military states (Nurse Practice Act, 2007, P. 60). The content of the education shall be speci fically designed to meet the objectives and the stated level and learning needs of the participants.The education should reflect the professional educational needs for the learner in order to meet the health care needs of the consumer. All of the offering contact hours will be at least 50 minutes in length or one contact hour. The hours will be awarded for clinical as well as classroom education (Nurse Practice Act, 2007, P. 62). Besides the basic nurse professional continuing education, there are specific areas a nurse is required to have continuing education in such as HIV/AIDS, Domestic Violence, Medical Errors, and End of invigoration (Nurse Practice Act, 2007, P. 65-66).Every nursing school has their own requirements. For instance some use the TEAS entrance exam while others use the NET test or HESI. The nursing program shall have a written plan for the systematic evaluation of the total program and its outcomes for the purpose of determining competency, adequacy and effective ness. The parent institution has to provide financial and administrative support and resources to the nursing program such as classroom space, labs, and office space. The faculty-student ratio shall be at a maximum ratio of 112 in community-based learning experience setting.The nursing program shall admit students to the program based upon the number of faculty, available educational facilities and resources, and the availability of clinical learning experiences for the student. It shall provide written policies for admission, readmission, transfer, advanced placement, promotion, graduation, withdrawal, or dismissal to the student shall be consistent with those for students in the parent institution and acceptable educational standards. (Nurse Practice Act, 2007, P. 39).The Board of Nursing is created within the department and shall consist of 13 members to be appointed by the Governor and confirmed by the Senate. Seven members of the board must be registered nurses who are resident s of this state and who have been engaged in the practice of professional nursing for at least 4 years, including at least one advanced registered nurse practitioner, one nurse educator member of an approved program, and one nurse executive. These seven board members should be representative of the diverse areas of practice within the nursing profession.In addition, three members of the board must be licensed practical nurses who are residents of this state and who have been actively engaged in the practice of practical nursing for at least 4 years prior to their appointment. The remaining three members must be residents of the state who have never been licensed as nurses and who are in no way attached with the practice of nursing. No person may be appointed as a lay member who is in any way connected with, or has any financial interest in, any health care facility, agency, or insurer.At least one member of the board must be 60 years of age or older. As the price of the members e xpire, the Governor shall appoint successors for terms of 4 years, and such members shall serve until their successors are appointed. (Nurse Practice Act, 2007, P. 9). Throughout this paper I have learned so much more than I had expected. The Nursing Practice Act is so important in so many ways. You have to work embarrassing and maintain that hard work throughout a nursing career.Myself as well as the rest of the nursing students will use this book not as coffee table decoration but as a guide for our journey of becoming nurses. Nursing is an art and if it is to be made an art, it requires as exclusive a devotion, as hard a preparation, as any painters or sculptors work for what is the having to do with dead canvas or cold marble, compared with having to do with the living spiritthe temple of Gods spirit? It is one of the Fine Arts I had almost said, the finest of Fine Arts. (Nightingale) name and address Page Nurse Practice Act, F. S. 456 (2007)